Which type of data involves concrete, numeric values often analyzed using statistical methods, and might include frequency counts, or the number of times something happens, average test scores, median income level, and graduation rates?

• A. Qualitative
• B. Quantitative
• C. Disaggregated
• D. Process

Answer: (B)

Quantitative data are numbers you can measure and analyze with statistics. They include concrete values like frequency counts (how many times something occurs), average test scores, median income, and graduation rates. Because they are numeric, you can compute summary measures and apply statistical methods to compare groups, track changes, or assess outcomes in education and counseling settings. Qualitative data, by contrast, are descriptive and expressed in words or categories and are analyzed differently. Disaggregated data refer to splitting data into subgroups for analysis, not a data type itself, and process data describe procedures or activities rather than numeric outcomes. So the type being described is the numeric, statistic-ready data—quantitative data.