Which type of data gives school counselors a clearer picture of student performance and needs, which aids in designing specific and measurable delivery methods of school counseling interventions?

• A. Qualitative
• B. Disaggregated
• C. Quantitative
• D. Holistic

Answer: (B)

Disaggregated data breaks information into meaningful subgroups and looks at how each one is performing and what its specific needs are. By separating metrics by grade level, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or other relevant categories, you can spot disparities that averages hide. That clearer picture lets counselors design interventions that are tailored to each group's realities and set concrete, measurable goals—such as raising reading scores for a particular subgroup or boosting attendance for students facing access barriers. Without disaggregation, important differences can be masked, leading to generic programs that don’t effectively move outcomes for all students. Qualitative data adds depth, but on its own it doesn’t always translate into scalable, measurable delivery methods; quantitative data is powerful for measurement, but if you don’t break it down, you might miss who needs what. Holistic data offers an overall view but misses subgroup-specific needs. So, focusing on disaggregated data best supports creating targeted, measurable school counseling interventions.