Which type of data describes 'evidence that an event occurred' and helps to identify how the school counselor's time is working toward the mission of the school, and ways in which time is not used efficiently?

• A. Qualitative
• B. Quantitative
• C. Process
• D. Disaggregated

Answer: (C)

Process data captures the sequence of activities and evidence that events actually occurred. This makes it the best fit for showing how a school counselor’s time is spent in relation to the school's mission, because it not only records that something happened but also how it happened—the steps taken, the duration of each activity, and how those activities align with goals. By examining the process, you can see where time is devoted (for example, number of counseling sessions, meetings with teachers, prep and documentation) and where it isn’t used efficiently (bottlenecks, unnecessary steps, or tasks that don’t contribute to outcomes). This contrasts with qualitative data, which describes characteristics and context without necessarily showing that a specific event occurred; quantitative data, while counting events or measuring outcomes, may miss the workflows and timing that reveal efficiency or waste; and disaggregated data, which focuses on breaking data into subgroups rather than describing the occurrence and sequence of events themselves.